TOEFL LISTENING SKILLS: UNDERSTAND THE GIST (WHAT IS IT?)
LISTENING SKILL 1: UNDERSTAND THE GIST
Gist questions are questions that ask about the overall ideas of a passage as a whole. They may ask what the subject, topic, or main idea of a passage is. They may also ask what overall purpose the passage serves. It is important to understand that the gist of a passage may be directly stated in the passage, or you may have to synthesize (bring together) information from different parts of the passage to understand the overall gist.
EXAMPLE:
YOU SEE ON THE COMPUTER SCREEN:
Consultatiıon: A Comprehensive Exam
YOU HEAR:
(narrator) Listen as a student talks to his advisor.
(student) I see that a comprehensive exam is required for my major, and I’m not exactly sure what a comprehensive exam is.
(advisor) A comprehensive exam is an exam that you taske in the final quarter of your studies.It’s purpose is to determine your overall competency.
(student) How is this comprehensive exam different from a final exam?
(advisor) A final exam covers all the material taught in a specific course; a comprehensive exam, on the other hand, covers all off the materials taught in the entire program.
(student) And it’s true that the comprehensive exam is required for my major? It’s not an option?
(advisor) (laughs) No,… It’s not an option. A comprehensive exam isn’t required for all thre majors at this university, but it is required for your major. Sorry, it’s not optional.
After you listen to the conversation , the question and answer choses appear on the computer screen as the narrator staters the question. this is a gist question that asks aboout the purpose of the passage.
YOU SEE ON YOUR COMPUTER:
1 Why does the student go to see the advisor?
A To take an exam that he missed
B To discuss what his major should be
C To learn about a requirement for his major
D To change his major
YOU HEAR:
(narrator) Why does the student go to see the advisor?
In the conversation, the student says ‘ I see that a comprehensive exam is required for my major, and I’m not exacyly sure what a comprehensive exam is.’ From this it can be determined that the student goes to see his advisor in order to learn about a requirement for his major. The third answer is therefore the best answer to this question.
Now look at an example of another type of gist question. Thist gist question asks about the overall topic of the passage.
YOU SEE ON THE COMPUTER SCREEN:
2 What is the topic of this conversation?
A Choosing majors at this university
B When Comprehensive exams are given
C Why final exams are comprehensive
D The exam requirement for a specific major
YOU HEAR:
(narrator) What is the topic of this conversation?
In the conversation, the student says ‘I see that a comprehensive exam is required for my major, and I’m not exactly sure what a comprehensive exam is, and the professor says a comprehensive exam isn’t required for all majors at this university, but it is required for your major. From this, it can be determined that the topic of the conversation is the exam requirement for a specific major. the last answer is therefore the best answer to this question.
The following chart outlines the key points that you shoulld remembeer about gist questions.
QUESTIONS ABOUT THE GIST OF A PASSAGE
HOW TO IDENTFY THE QUESTION:
- What is the subject of the passage?
- What is the topic of the passage?
- What is the main idea of the passage?
- What is the purpose of the passage?
- Why……….. in the passage?
WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER
Information to help you understand the gist may be directlly stated at the beginning of the passage. It mat also be necessary for you to draw a conclusion about the gist based upon information provided throughout the passage.
HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION
1 Listen carefully to the beginning of the passage to develop an initial idea about the gist of the passage.
2 Then, as you listen to the rest of the passage, adjust your ideaa of the gist of the passage as you consider what the speakers are saying.